Whole genome sequencing of clinical samples reveals extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR TB) strains from the Beijing lineage in Nigeria, West Africa

Abstract Multi-drug (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a global public health problem especially in high TB burden countries like Nigeria. Many of these cases are undetected go on infect risk individuals. Clinical samples from positive rifampicin resistant Xpert®MTB/Rif assay were subjected direct whole genome sequencing bioinformatics analysis identify the full antibiotics resistance lineage profile. We report two (2) XDR also belonging East-Asian/Beijing family 2 Mycobacterium complex clinical Our findings further reveal presence mutations that confer first-line drugs (rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol pyrazanimide), second-line injectables (capreomycin, streptomycin, kanamycin and/or amikacin) at least one fluoroquinolones (ofloxacin, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin ciprofloxacin) both samples. The genomic sequence data this study not only provide first evidence Nigeria West Africa, but emphasize importance WGS accurately detecting MDR TB, ensure adequate proper management treatment regimens for affected This will greatly aid preventing spread drug countries.